Deep Neural Network

A general neural network structure that learns hierarchical features through multiple hidden layers.

The concept of a deep neural network refers to a model learning not just through a single layer of decision rules, but through multiple levels of representation. Lower layers may capture more primitive patterns, while higher layers can learn more abstract structure. This hierarchical representation power is one of the main reasons modern AI systems have succeeded across fields ranging from computer vision to NLP. However, as depth increases, training stability, computational cost, and interpretability become more critical challenges.