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Plan-and-Execute Pattern
Build the ENTIRE plan first, then execute step by step — more stable on long tasks.
3 hours2 resources1 prereqs
ReAct thinks "what now?" each turn — myopic. Plan-and-Execute: in the first turn produce a detailed plan for the whole task (e.g. 10 steps), then execute sequentially. Revise the plan after each step.
Pros:
- Reduces "goal drift" on long trajectories
- Plan can be shown to user → approval (HITL)
- Parallel execution possible (independent steps)
Con: if the initial plan is wrong, all execution is wasted. So periodic re-planning is mandatory.
Implementation: LangGraph's plan-execute example, Anthropic's orchestrator-worker blueprint.