3 posts
What is LoRA? LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation) is a parameter-efficient fine-tuning method that adapts a large language model by adding small, trainable matrices next to its frozen weights instead of changing all of them. This guide: a clear definition, how LoRA works, QLoRA and variants, the adapter idea, fine-tuning cost, comparison with full fine-tuning, and FAQs.
The most current, detailed 2026 Turkish guide to adapting an LLM to your domain. Covers when fine-tuning is necessary, the math behind LoRA, 4-bit training with QLoRA, why DPO beats PPO, modern alternatives (ORPO/KTO/IPO), Turkish dataset sources, GPU/cloud cost modeling, production pipelines, 3 anonymized Turkish enterprise case studies, and KVKK-compliant training. For developers, MLOps engineers, and AI architects.
One of the most important strategic questions in enterprise AI is whether a problem should be solved with RAG or with fine-tuning. Many teams treat these approaches as direct alternatives, but in reality they solve different classes of problems. RAG strengthens access to current and source-grounded knowledge, while fine-tuning shapes model behavior and task adaptation. This guide compares RAG and fine-tuning across technical, operational, cost, governance, and production-readiness dimensions, and explains when each approach is the right choice—and when a hybrid architecture makes more sense.